I'm learning to use the random function (srand and rand) to run a dice roll simulation. The program works very well; I throw the dice 200 times and I put each result into the vettore array.
However, analyzing the calculation of the rest of the module I realized that it is not calculated correctly. For example:
1131946436 % 6 = 2
(calculated by hand and with python and with a calculator).
the module is calculated as follows:
1131946436 / 6 = (int) 188657739
188657739 * 6 = 1131946434
1131946436 - 1131946434 = 2
while C gives me 3.
Nevertheless the program works correctly. I thought it was an int overflow problem but if you look at the results of rand() we are always under 2147483647 (the int signed limit on my 64 bit computer).
I can't understand why C doesn't calculate the module correctly and despite this the program works correctly.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define MAX_SHOTS 200
#define MAX_NUMBERS 6
int main(void) {
int a;
int vettore[MAX_SHOTS] = {0};
srand((unsigned) time(NULL));
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SHOTS; ++i) {
a = rand() % MAX_NUMBERS;
vettore[i] = a;
printf("vettore[%d] = %d - %d\n", i, a, rand());
}
printf("Tiro di un dado: su %d tiri è uscito:\n", MAX_SHOTS);
for (int j = 0; j < MAX_NUMBERS; ++j) {
printf("%d)\t", j + 1);
int num = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SHOTS; ++i) {
if (vettore[i] == j) {
++num;
printf("*");
}
}
printf(" (%d)\n", num);
}
return 0;
}
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